Intersecting Inequalities: Gendered Non-Economic Loss and Damage and Social Capital in Climate Justice

Abstract (English)

Climate change has disproportionate affect on women and girls, specifically non-economic loss and damage (NELD) arising from both slow-onset events (e.g., sea-level rise, drought) and rapid-onset disasters (e.g., floods, cyclones). These impacts contributes to existing gender inequalities and as women are exposed to heightened vulnerabilities because of limited access to resources, decision-making, and social protection (Roberts & Parks, 2007). Post-disaster circumstances frequently fail to address women’s specific needs and it leads to increased social exclusion, loss of livelihoods, and psychological trauma (Dankelman, 2010). Where the concept of climate justice emphasizes equitable responsibility and reparations, the gendered dimensions of non economic loss and damage(NELD) remain invisible in policy and practice (Boyd et al., 2017).In this scenario, social capital-networks of trust, reciprocity, and community support-plays a signigicant role in women’s recovery from climate-induced losses and damages (Aldrich & Meyer, 2015). However, gendered social norms often reduce women's ability to access and use social capital effectively and hinders resilience-building efforts (Enarson & Chakrabarti, 2009). To address these intersecting vulnerabilities, it requires integrating gender-transformative approaches within climate justice frameworks which emphasizes women’s leadership and participation in recovery and adaptation strategies (Terry, 2009). This paper will examine the intersection of gender, climate justice, and non-economic loss and damage, advocating for policies that recognize and understand as well as reduce disproportionate gendered impacts by enhancing social capital to foster sustainable and inclusive recovery pathways.